取消外傭稅
零三年,政府將一個明顯是為增加收入的措施包裝成「公平的勞工政策」:要所有聘請外傭的僱主每月繳交四百元「外傭徵費」——雖然市民都知那是財赤的後遺症。
當時,政府已連續兩年赤字超過六百億元,為減少開支,政府將中產家庭等同為建造商和工廠老闆、將外傭等同為建造工人和工廠工人,中產家庭聘請外傭,和老闆們聘請外地勞工一樣,要繳稅供僱員再培訓局「培訓本地人才」云云。
或許政府心知道理說不通,所以政府不敢向僱主打主意,而轉向外籍傭工。當政府實施這項徵費時,外傭的最低工資,由三千六百七十元,減至三千二百七十元,剛好削減四百元。對僱主而言,這是「已出之物」,便不會反對,四百元的外傭稅,變相由外傭負擔。
不過,政府其實用不這筆稅收:即使在政府財政最惡劣的時候,庫房仍有二千多億元,而再培訓局每年的開支,不過是四億元,只是政府不肯運用盈餘而已。而且,由於有外傭提出司法覆核,政府一直沒有用過這筆多達三十二億元的基金。
筆者質疑,再培訓局在現階段根本不需要這筆資金,政府應立即取消此稅。再培訓局每年開支約為四億元,與收入相若,雖然零二╱零三年赤字高達七千萬元,但近年經濟好轉,再培訓津貼和培訓課程開支大減,赤字也大幅縮減,以零五╱零六年為例,赤字只有四百萬元。隨經濟好轉,再培訓局的開支減低,赤字也會減少。而且,政府再培訓局成立時,已為其設立再培訓基金,現時仍有近七千萬元,足夠應付多年赤字。
再者,政府回復盈餘,去年盈餘更高達五百八十億元,根本無需要徵收此費用,而且,政府過去幾年將外傭最低工資調至三千四百八十元,四百元外傭稅不再是「已出之物」!
政府在經濟好的時候,收入增加、開支減少能累積盈餘,以便在經濟差時,應付再培訓局、社會福利署等機構因失業率高而增加的開支。不過,政府的做法,卻一直是經濟好不減稅、經濟差卻加稅。外傭稅的問題也同出一轍,不多不少反映政府的理財哲學。
筆者覺得,除了取消外傭稅,政府更要檢討這樣機構的行政架構膨脹速度。以再培訓局為例,九七/九八年,其行政開支約為一千九百億元,但至零五/零六年,卻大幅增至五千八百億元,增幅百分之三百二十,平均每年的增長速度為百分之十四,肯定遠高於政府部門的平均增長率!
(本文已於2007年8月24日刊於文匯報"單刀直入"專欄。)

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