打擊濫發電子訊息的一小步
《非應邀電子訊息條例草案》終於在日前於立法會進行三讀,作為大力推動反濫發電子訊息法例的一員,筆者對議案能順利通過當然感到十分高興。是次立法建議得到市民及業界,包括電訊業界及電話促銷業界的支持,顯示社會各界均希望打擊濫發電子訊息活動,令市民無需再受滋擾。
這項條例草案將規管各項預先錄製的商業電子訊息,而發訊人士必須遵守多項規定,包括於訊息內必須載有發訊人資料、提供取消接收選項,並於十個工作天內處理相關要求、不能使用誤導性的標題,以及不能隱藏電話號碼、傳真號碼等來電識別資料。
原草案亦賦予電訊局長權力向電訊商發出指示,利便該電訊商遵守條例草案的規例或令電訊局長能根據條例草案執行其職能。如電訊商拒絕合作,當局建議罰則為初犯最高罰款二十萬元,再犯最高罰款五十萬元,其後每次最高罰款一百萬元。
對於以上規定電訊業界的代表深表憂慮,因立法建議中賦予電訊局長的權力太大及不明確,同時相關罰則亦太嚴峻。法案委員會曾就此作深入討論,以了解業界對相關條文的意見。最後,當局決定將電訊局長的權力限制為要求電訊商協助當局就這項條例草案的違規事項進行調查,及提供資料讓電訊局長設立、運作及管理拒收訊息登記冊,同時大幅減低罰則至初犯最高罰款五萬元,再犯最高罰款十萬元,其後每次最高罰款二十萬元。
另外,亦有委員提出修正案,建議將由人對人互動通訊,包括人對人促銷電話納入規管範圍。筆者對這項修正案不表認同。有電話促銷業界的代表向我表示,現時本港有十一萬多人從事電話直銷行業,這項修訂將會對他們造成重大打擊,並可能會影響現職人員的就業前景。此外,由於人對人促銷電話的內容不盡相同,當局將極難搜集證據確定電子訊息是否適用。筆者認為現階段當局無需將人對人促銷電話納入規管範圍,但當局必須繼續監察電話促銷行業的發展,以評估將來是否需要加強規管。
此外,筆者建議的「拒收訊息登記冊」亦為政府採納,讓市民可登記其電子地址,以便拒絕接收非應邀電子訊息。當局於法案生效後將向公眾提供投訴渠道,方便市民作出舉報,打擊濫發電子訊息活動。
可是,當局接下來的挑戰將會是如何執法,特別是確保投訴機制能有效發揮作用。筆者估計於法例生效後,市民將提交大量投訴予電訊管理局。以美國為例,於同類法例生效後十個月內已收到四十多萬個投訴,其中牽涉到十三萬多間公司。澳洲亦面對類似情況,在法例生效後三年共收到一千一百多萬個濫發郵件的報告,即平均每天收到約一萬個報告。現時當局計劃委派一個少於十人的小組處理濫發電子郵件的投訴,試問這又怎算得上足夠?
筆者認為,通過條例草案只是對抗濫發電子訊息的一小步。希望當局能正視這項條例草案在執法上的困難,並定期檢討工作成效,確保有足夠資源維持投訴機制的效率,讓市民能在沒有濫發電子訊息的情況下享受科技帶給我們的好處。
(本文已於2007年5月25日刊於文匯報"單刀直入"專欄。)
這項條例草案將規管各項預先錄製的商業電子訊息,而發訊人士必須遵守多項規定,包括於訊息內必須載有發訊人資料、提供取消接收選項,並於十個工作天內處理相關要求、不能使用誤導性的標題,以及不能隱藏電話號碼、傳真號碼等來電識別資料。
原草案亦賦予電訊局長權力向電訊商發出指示,利便該電訊商遵守條例草案的規例或令電訊局長能根據條例草案執行其職能。如電訊商拒絕合作,當局建議罰則為初犯最高罰款二十萬元,再犯最高罰款五十萬元,其後每次最高罰款一百萬元。
對於以上規定電訊業界的代表深表憂慮,因立法建議中賦予電訊局長的權力太大及不明確,同時相關罰則亦太嚴峻。法案委員會曾就此作深入討論,以了解業界對相關條文的意見。最後,當局決定將電訊局長的權力限制為要求電訊商協助當局就這項條例草案的違規事項進行調查,及提供資料讓電訊局長設立、運作及管理拒收訊息登記冊,同時大幅減低罰則至初犯最高罰款五萬元,再犯最高罰款十萬元,其後每次最高罰款二十萬元。
另外,亦有委員提出修正案,建議將由人對人互動通訊,包括人對人促銷電話納入規管範圍。筆者對這項修正案不表認同。有電話促銷業界的代表向我表示,現時本港有十一萬多人從事電話直銷行業,這項修訂將會對他們造成重大打擊,並可能會影響現職人員的就業前景。此外,由於人對人促銷電話的內容不盡相同,當局將極難搜集證據確定電子訊息是否適用。筆者認為現階段當局無需將人對人促銷電話納入規管範圍,但當局必須繼續監察電話促銷行業的發展,以評估將來是否需要加強規管。
此外,筆者建議的「拒收訊息登記冊」亦為政府採納,讓市民可登記其電子地址,以便拒絕接收非應邀電子訊息。當局於法案生效後將向公眾提供投訴渠道,方便市民作出舉報,打擊濫發電子訊息活動。
可是,當局接下來的挑戰將會是如何執法,特別是確保投訴機制能有效發揮作用。筆者估計於法例生效後,市民將提交大量投訴予電訊管理局。以美國為例,於同類法例生效後十個月內已收到四十多萬個投訴,其中牽涉到十三萬多間公司。澳洲亦面對類似情況,在法例生效後三年共收到一千一百多萬個濫發郵件的報告,即平均每天收到約一萬個報告。現時當局計劃委派一個少於十人的小組處理濫發電子郵件的投訴,試問這又怎算得上足夠?
筆者認為,通過條例草案只是對抗濫發電子訊息的一小步。希望當局能正視這項條例草案在執法上的困難,並定期檢討工作成效,確保有足夠資源維持投訴機制的效率,讓市民能在沒有濫發電子訊息的情況下享受科技帶給我們的好處。
(本文已於2007年5月25日刊於文匯報"單刀直入"專欄。)


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