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《廣播條例》規定,「不符合持牌資格人士」除非取得行政長官會同行政會議批准豁免,否則不得擁有本地免費或收費電視節目服務牌照,或對持牌人士行使控制。這類人士包括本地報刊東主、透過信託基金或任何慈善計劃持有該報刊逾一成半股權的人士,以及其相聯者。換言之,作為電盈大股東的李澤楷,透過電盈經營NOW寬頻電視,又同時透過信託基金持有《信報》五成股權,表面上已牴觸了有關跨媒體擁有權的條款。
根據法例,身為廣播機構持牌人,一旦涉及跨媒體擁有權,有責任向行政會議申請豁免。事實上,行政會議批准跨媒體經營曾有先例可援。於二零零零年,李澤楷收購電盈時,由於新城電台乃屬於其家族所有,而電盈亦持有香港電訊互動影院電視牌照,涉及收費電視與電台跨媒體擁有的問題。當時行政會議批出豁免,理由包括香港電訊互動影院和新城電台並非具支配地位的電視台和電台,而新城電台亦非由李澤楷直接操控。
然而,現時這宗個案要得到行政會議的豁免,恐怕並不容易。除了因為NOW寬頻電視與《信報》都是時下的主要媒體外,身為電盈主席的李澤楷亦能直接控操NOW寬頻電視。至於《信報》,雖然根據傳媒報導,李澤楷只透過離岸信託基金持有,但法例上,他還是有權力對媒體行使控制。況且,早前李澤楷為《信報》員工簽署新合約,便足以證明他有管理權,能直接影響《信報》的運作。因此,在沒有其他特殊的原因下,倘若行政會議要就今次事件批出豁免,便嚴重違反《廣播條例》中「不符合持牌資格人士」的立法原意,令有關條文形同虛設。
其實,立法會於二零零零年審議《廣播條例》時,一直堅守原則,希望透過限制,去保障公眾所獲取的資訊不會因為有人操控跨媒體而減少。縱使法例容許行政會議給予豁免權,但立法原意卻不鼓勵單一集團控制多於一個媒體,以避免媒體擁有權過度集中而影響編輯觀點。今年七月,九名亞洲電視的控權人便因為未得到行政會議的許可,於二零零零年至二零零五年期間,同時持有《鳳凰周刊》的股權,而違反跨媒體擁有權的規例,被罰廿五萬。
如今,李澤楷涉嫌電視台與報紙跨媒體擁有的表面證據成立,若然當局不展開調查而向李澤楷「開綠燈」,實在說不過去。事件成為先例,以後其他本地媒體的老闆也可透過成立基金,繞過規管,收購本地其他媒體。筆者擔心,這將會刺激新一輪媒體併購,觸發媒體資產的爭奪戰,導致媒體擁有權有機會過度集中於少數人手上。日後,法例便再難防止同一集團的媒體,以集團的利益為重,放棄競爭並統一編輯觀點。如此,本來該是「多言堂」的媒體世界,便有變成「一言堂」的危機。市民獲取資訊的途徑將減少外,媒體發展也會被窒礙。可見此例必不能開,否則後患無窮。因此,當局實在要小心處理,盡快展開調查,並作出懲處。
最後,筆者期望,廣管局委員能出席一月份的立法會會議,向立法會交代此事。
《廣播條例》規定,「不符合持牌資格人士」除非取得行政長官會同行政會議批准豁免,否則不得擁有本地免費或收費電視節目服務牌照,或對持牌人士行使控制。這類人士包括本地報刊東主、透過信託基金或任何慈善計劃持有該報刊逾一成半股權的人士,以及其相聯者。換言之,作為電盈大股東的李澤楷,透過電盈經營NOW寬頻電視,又同時透過信託基金持有《信報》五成股權,表面上已牴觸了有關跨媒體擁有權的條款。
根據法例,身為廣播機構持牌人,一旦涉及跨媒體擁有權,有責任向行政會議申請豁免。事實上,行政會議批准跨媒體經營曾有先例可援。於二零零零年,李澤楷收購電盈時,由於新城電台乃屬於其家族所有,而電盈亦持有香港電訊互動影院電視牌照,涉及收費電視與電台跨媒體擁有的問題。當時行政會議批出豁免,理由包括香港電訊互動影院和新城電台並非具支配地位的電視台和電台,而新城電台亦非由李澤楷直接操控。
然而,現時這宗個案要得到行政會議的豁免,恐怕並不容易。除了因為NOW寬頻電視與《信報》都是時下的主要媒體外,身為電盈主席的李澤楷亦能直接控操NOW寬頻電視。至於《信報》,雖然根據傳媒報導,李澤楷只透過離岸信託基金持有,但法例上,他還是有權力對媒體行使控制。況且,早前李澤楷為《信報》員工簽署新合約,便足以證明他有管理權,能直接影響《信報》的運作。因此,在沒有其他特殊的原因下,倘若行政會議要就今次事件批出豁免,便嚴重違反《廣播條例》中「不符合持牌資格人士」的立法原意,令有關條文形同虛設。
其實,立法會於二零零零年審議《廣播條例》時,一直堅守原則,希望透過限制,去保障公眾所獲取的資訊不會因為有人操控跨媒體而減少。縱使法例容許行政會議給予豁免權,但立法原意卻不鼓勵單一集團控制多於一個媒體,以避免媒體擁有權過度集中而影響編輯觀點。今年七月,九名亞洲電視的控權人便因為未得到行政會議的許可,於二零零零年至二零零五年期間,同時持有《鳳凰周刊》的股權,而違反跨媒體擁有權的規例,被罰廿五萬。
如今,李澤楷涉嫌電視台與報紙跨媒體擁有的表面證據成立,若然當局不展開調查而向李澤楷「開綠燈」,實在說不過去。事件成為先例,以後其他本地媒體的老闆也可透過成立基金,繞過規管,收購本地其他媒體。筆者擔心,這將會刺激新一輪媒體併購,觸發媒體資產的爭奪戰,導致媒體擁有權有機會過度集中於少數人手上。日後,法例便再難防止同一集團的媒體,以集團的利益為重,放棄競爭並統一編輯觀點。如此,本來該是「多言堂」的媒體世界,便有變成「一言堂」的危機。市民獲取資訊的途徑將減少外,媒體發展也會被窒礙。可見此例必不能開,否則後患無窮。因此,當局實在要小心處理,盡快展開調查,並作出懲處。
最後,筆者期望,廣管局委員能出席一月份的立法會會議,向立法會交代此事。

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