國金會向政府開綠燈
議員在立法會每每提及外匯基金,政府都將這個題目上升到「影響香港貨幣匯率的穩定」的層次,彷彿外匯基金是「可遠觀而不可褻玩焉」。
不過,國際貨幣基金會卻比政府更開放,至少認為外匯基金的投資收入與政府如何分賬,是可以研究的題目。
政府三千多億元的財政儲備一直存放在外匯基金,由金融管理局連同外匯基金其他資產一併投資。政府財政儲備的回報率,與外匯基金整體的回報大致相同。過去數年政府財政情況欠佳,但儲備龐大,令市民開始注意到如何運用這筆財政儲備和外匯基金,會惠及大眾。可惜,立法會不少議員都希望政府善用儲備和外匯基金,卻無助促使政府更開放。政府總是告訴議員,外匯基金的功能是「直接或間接影響港元的匯價,其次是維持香港貨幣金融體系的穩定」,而且,「若我們輕易動用外匯基金的累計盈餘,可能會削弱外匯基金抵禦衝擊港元匯率的能力。」
筆者的看法當然不一樣。民主黨一向認為政府應善用這筆香港人也有份的外匯基金。怎樣用?外匯基金現時每年約有三百億元至六百億元投資收益,政府只分得一百至二百億元,我們一般稱為投資收入。既然政府每年均無法準確預測投資收入,為何不將投資收入固定在三百億元呢?這樣既可增加收入,又可以穩定投資收入,不會因為預測失準,製造不必要的財政不穩定。
影響港元匯率穩定?絕不會。
首先,外匯基金一萬億元中,已有約三千億元是「貨幣基礎」,用以支持港元。再者,外匯基金多年來的投資收入,即所謂「累計盈餘」,已累積至四千七百億元 (足夠政府使用兩年多),為港元提供額外的支持。第三,民主黨的建議,實際上只是要求政府增撥外匯基金每年新增的投資收益,而不是動用外匯基金本身的資產,即所謂食息不食本,根本不會影響到現時非常穩健的儲備額。其實,立法會於去年中已通過筆者提出的動議,可見這也是立法會的共識。
更重要的,是國際貨幣基金會——一個極關注金融穩定的國際機構剛於十一月初發表的報告中,建議政府研究「透過與外匯基金的安排,穩定投資收入」,顯示該會不擔心這做法會影響香港的金融穩定!
「削弱外匯基金抵禦衝擊港元匯率的能力」,一直是政府不同意改變分賬方法的主要原因,現在國金會也認為政府應研究,可說是為政府開了綠燈,政府是否應客觀地研究一下呢?
財政司司長日前在立法會回答我的提問時,指國金會整段十四行只有一句說這個問題,或許想暗示這句只是一小部分。但畫龍點睛,眼睛雖小,卻十分重要!
(本文已於2006年11月24日刊於文匯報"單刀直入"專欄。)
不過,國際貨幣基金會卻比政府更開放,至少認為外匯基金的投資收入與政府如何分賬,是可以研究的題目。
政府三千多億元的財政儲備一直存放在外匯基金,由金融管理局連同外匯基金其他資產一併投資。政府財政儲備的回報率,與外匯基金整體的回報大致相同。過去數年政府財政情況欠佳,但儲備龐大,令市民開始注意到如何運用這筆財政儲備和外匯基金,會惠及大眾。可惜,立法會不少議員都希望政府善用儲備和外匯基金,卻無助促使政府更開放。政府總是告訴議員,外匯基金的功能是「直接或間接影響港元的匯價,其次是維持香港貨幣金融體系的穩定」,而且,「若我們輕易動用外匯基金的累計盈餘,可能會削弱外匯基金抵禦衝擊港元匯率的能力。」
筆者的看法當然不一樣。民主黨一向認為政府應善用這筆香港人也有份的外匯基金。怎樣用?外匯基金現時每年約有三百億元至六百億元投資收益,政府只分得一百至二百億元,我們一般稱為投資收入。既然政府每年均無法準確預測投資收入,為何不將投資收入固定在三百億元呢?這樣既可增加收入,又可以穩定投資收入,不會因為預測失準,製造不必要的財政不穩定。
影響港元匯率穩定?絕不會。
首先,外匯基金一萬億元中,已有約三千億元是「貨幣基礎」,用以支持港元。再者,外匯基金多年來的投資收入,即所謂「累計盈餘」,已累積至四千七百億元 (足夠政府使用兩年多),為港元提供額外的支持。第三,民主黨的建議,實際上只是要求政府增撥外匯基金每年新增的投資收益,而不是動用外匯基金本身的資產,即所謂食息不食本,根本不會影響到現時非常穩健的儲備額。其實,立法會於去年中已通過筆者提出的動議,可見這也是立法會的共識。
更重要的,是國際貨幣基金會——一個極關注金融穩定的國際機構剛於十一月初發表的報告中,建議政府研究「透過與外匯基金的安排,穩定投資收入」,顯示該會不擔心這做法會影響香港的金融穩定!
「削弱外匯基金抵禦衝擊港元匯率的能力」,一直是政府不同意改變分賬方法的主要原因,現在國金會也認為政府應研究,可說是為政府開了綠燈,政府是否應客觀地研究一下呢?
財政司司長日前在立法會回答我的提問時,指國金會整段十四行只有一句說這個問題,或許想暗示這句只是一小部分。但畫龍點睛,眼睛雖小,卻十分重要!
(本文已於2006年11月24日刊於文匯報"單刀直入"專欄。)


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