頻 譜
昨天談到電訊、廣播和互聯網三方匯流,催生不少新的科技服務。今天,談談提供這些無線服務的基礎——頻譜。
讀者可能以為,頻譜與一般大眾的日常生活關係不大;但其實當我們看電視、聽收音機、打手提電話、透過無線上網等「低科技」活動,又或醫院、機場、警隊和消防人員使用的高科技器材,都正是使用珍貴而有限的公共資源。隨著愈來愈多新的無線科技服務,例如無線寬頻接達、數碼電視廣播、星傳輸等,我們不知不覺增加對頻譜的需求。
頻譜是無形的天然資源,需要謹慎分配和有效管理。去年十一月,電訊管理局在第二代流動通訊服務牌照續牌一事中,以未能有效使用獲指配的頻譜為理由,拒絕為TDMA 和CDMA 網絡商續牌,並決定在三年過渡期後,收回該段頻譜。電管局的決定,固然引來一陣相關網絡商的反響,同時也引發業界要求檢討現時分配和管理機制的呼聲。
現行的頻譜分配和管理模式已沿用多年,由電管局以「中央集權式」主導,負責規定頻譜的應用範圍和指配不同段落的頻譜予不同的網絡商。雖然這可加強電管局管理頻譜的能力,也避免因不當使用而出現頻譜之間互相干擾的情況;然而,這卻同時妨礙電訊業界引進新的技術。年前,業界欲引入射頻識別技術的時候,就是因為電管局未有撥出新的相應頻譜,而已獲分配的頻譜卻不得劃作他用,延誤了這項新服務推出市場的步伐。為面對科技匯流和服務推陳出新,澳洲、英國、美國等地的頻譜管理機構已逐步撤銷頻譜的規管,以市場主導的模式,開放頻譜的用途和容許買賣頻譜的使用權。根據歐盟一項研究結果,由於這個新的管理模式,有助推動社會盡早應用新技術,每年將可帶來九十億歐元,增加使用頻譜的彈性之餘,也發揮更大的經濟效益。電訊業是令香港引以為傲的行業,我們不希望因為過時的政策而拖累業界的發展步伐。盡快檢討頻譜劃分和指配政策,才能迎接新科技的挑戰。
(本文已於2005年4月14日刊於東方日報龍門陣"單刀直入"專欄)
讀者可能以為,頻譜與一般大眾的日常生活關係不大;但其實當我們看電視、聽收音機、打手提電話、透過無線上網等「低科技」活動,又或醫院、機場、警隊和消防人員使用的高科技器材,都正是使用珍貴而有限的公共資源。隨著愈來愈多新的無線科技服務,例如無線寬頻接達、數碼電視廣播、星傳輸等,我們不知不覺增加對頻譜的需求。
頻譜是無形的天然資源,需要謹慎分配和有效管理。去年十一月,電訊管理局在第二代流動通訊服務牌照續牌一事中,以未能有效使用獲指配的頻譜為理由,拒絕為TDMA 和CDMA 網絡商續牌,並決定在三年過渡期後,收回該段頻譜。電管局的決定,固然引來一陣相關網絡商的反響,同時也引發業界要求檢討現時分配和管理機制的呼聲。
現行的頻譜分配和管理模式已沿用多年,由電管局以「中央集權式」主導,負責規定頻譜的應用範圍和指配不同段落的頻譜予不同的網絡商。雖然這可加強電管局管理頻譜的能力,也避免因不當使用而出現頻譜之間互相干擾的情況;然而,這卻同時妨礙電訊業界引進新的技術。年前,業界欲引入射頻識別技術的時候,就是因為電管局未有撥出新的相應頻譜,而已獲分配的頻譜卻不得劃作他用,延誤了這項新服務推出市場的步伐。為面對科技匯流和服務推陳出新,澳洲、英國、美國等地的頻譜管理機構已逐步撤銷頻譜的規管,以市場主導的模式,開放頻譜的用途和容許買賣頻譜的使用權。根據歐盟一項研究結果,由於這個新的管理模式,有助推動社會盡早應用新技術,每年將可帶來九十億歐元,增加使用頻譜的彈性之餘,也發揮更大的經濟效益。電訊業是令香港引以為傲的行業,我們不希望因為過時的政策而拖累業界的發展步伐。盡快檢討頻譜劃分和指配政策,才能迎接新科技的挑戰。
(本文已於2005年4月14日刊於東方日報龍門陣"單刀直入"專欄)


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