Sin Chung Kai's blog - Former Legislative Councillor (Information Technology)

Thursday, April 28, 2005

修改《基本法》

特區政府今次要求國務院提請人大釋法,說要敲定新特首的任期為兩年,以中央的權威擺平香港各界對新特首任期的意見。然而,有左派人士竟認為今次釋法範圍「狹窄」,沒有處理他們對新特首連任的爭議,甚至認為藉今次釋法,應把這問題一併「解釋清楚」。此論調,就看似快要罵政府「辦事不力」,認為政府沒有好好為他們服務!


對於民主黨來說,這些所謂問題根本並不存在,因為當年已報請中央備案的《行政長官選舉條例》寫清楚是五年,如今特區政府卻要把之修改為兩年。但話說回來,若認為《基本法》真的未能配合香港社會實際情況,要連番「臨急抱佛腳」,藉釋法補白,哪為何不盡快研究和制訂啟動修改《基本法》的機制,盡最大努力去維護快要崩潰的「一國兩制」?


事實上,《基本法》自九○年四月頒布至今已有十五年,期間從未檢討和修改;而實施以來,即使立法會多次進行議案辯論,促請政府研究修改《基本法》的需要及制訂有關程序,但特區政府卻從未見有動作。


根據《基本法》第一百五十九條,《基本法》的修改權在全國人大,修改棚權屬人大常委會、國務院和香港特區,而香港特區的修改議案,須經港區人大、立法會三分之二多數,及行政長官同意,再交由港區人大向全國人大提出。可見,修改機制是存在而清晰的。為體現高度自治和民主,我認為有關啟動權應在屬於民意機關的立法會。


《基本法》無限制特區檢討《基本法》。特區政府為「一國兩制」,新特首就職後應成立基本法檢討委員會,全面審視及檢討《基本法》,邀請不同界別和立場的人士發表意見,把過時的條文和需補白的部分,提請人大修改。行會成員鄭耀棠說過「有好處的釋法怕甚麼釋法呢?」我會回答,法律條文可以改,因為這才合乎法治精神;即使《基本法》也是一樣,但人大釋法,一次也嫌多。

(本文已於2005年4月8日刊於東方日報龍門陣"單刀直入"專欄)

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